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How Does Tattoo Removal Work?

This guide covers how tattoo removal works in detail. Keep reading to learn:



If you have more questions, call (905) 451-4545.


How Does Tattoo Removal Work?

Tattoo removal works by targeting and breaking down the ink particles within the skin so the body can naturally clear them away. When a tattoo is applied, the ink settles deep in the dermis, the skin's second layer, where it remains undisturbed mainly because the particles are too large for the body’s immune system to remove. 


Tattoo removal techniques, particularly lasers, use highly concentrated light energy to heat and fragment these ink particles into smaller pieces. Once the ink is broken down, the body’s lymphatic system can gradually process and eliminate the particles over time.

This process requires multiple sessions, as breaking down all the ink at once could overwhelm the skin and increase risks of scarring or infection. The number of sessions needed depends on factors like the tattoo’s size, colors, ink depth, and individual skin characteristics. 


After each session, the skin undergoes a natural healing process, allowing the body to absorb more fragmented ink particles and gradually fade the tattoo. Though some methods may result in temporary discomfort and minor side effects like redness or swelling, most reactions resolve within days, making tattoo removal a safe and effective way to clear unwanted tattoos over time.


Different Tattoo Removal Techniques and How They Work

Tattoo removal has evolved, offering several methods to address unwanted ink. Each technique operates differently, with varying levels of effectiveness and aftercare. Let’s explore these methods in detail.


1. Laser Tattoo Removal

Laser tattoo removal is the most popular and widely recommended method. It is known for its precision and effectiveness in treating tattoos of different colors and depths. This method uses specialized lasers to target tattoo pigments embedded within the skin.


How Laser Tattoo Removal Works

Laser tattoo removal utilizes pulses of highly concentrated light to break down tattoo pigments:


  • Targeting Ink Particles: The laser emits specific wavelengths of light that selectively target the tattoo ink. Each laser wavelength corresponds to different colors, making it highly effective for dark inks like black and blue and requiring additional lasers for colors like green and yellow.

  • Ink Fragmentation Process: The energy from the laser heats and shatters the tattoo ink into minuscule fragments. Once broken down, the body’s immune system can gradually absorb and remove these fragments through the lymphatic system.

  • Session Requirements: Complete removal typically requires multiple sessions—often 6-10—depending on factors like tattoo color, size, ink depth, and skin type. Sessions are spaced six weeks apart for skin healing and maximum ink reduction after each treatment.

  • Aftercare and Healing: Post-treatment care is essential. Patients are advised to clean the treated area daily, apply antibiotic ointment, and keep it covered to prevent infection. Temporary side effects include redness, swelling, and possible blistering, which generally subside within a week.


Laser tattoo removal is effective for many tattoo colors and is generally safe, although it can be mildly painful. The sensation is often likened to a rubber band snapping against the skin. For those with lower pain tolerance, numbing creams can be used.


2. Dermabrasion Tattoo Removal

Dermabrasion is a physical removal method involving " sanding " the tattooed skin layers with a specialized device. This technique exposes the tattoo pigments so they can be naturally expelled as the skin heals.


How Dermabrasion Tattoo Removal Works

Dermabrasion is a more invasive process that requires local or even general anesthesia due to its intensity:


  • Removal of Skin Layers: A medical-grade abrasive tool is used to gradually remove the outer layers of skin that contain tattoo ink. The technician controls the depth to reach the inked layers without causing excess damage to surrounding tissue.

  • Exposing Ink Particles: As the skin layers are abraded, the ink particles within the skin are exposed. Over time, as the skin heals, the body naturally sheds these ink particles, leading to a faded or removed tattoo appearance.

  • Multiple Sessions and Healing: Similar to laser removal, dermabrasion may require several sessions for complete tattoo removal, particularly for larger or deeply pigmented tattoos. Healing time between sessions is longer, often taking 10-14 days as the skin heals from each treatment.

  • Aftercare Needs: Dermabrasion leaves an open wound, making aftercare critical. Patients must clean the area regularly, apply antibiotic ointment, and cover it to prevent infection. The process may lead to scarring, so it’s generally recommended only for smaller tattoos and should be performed by a trained professional.

3. Chemical Peel Tattoo Removal

Chemical peels use acids, commonly Trichloroacetic Acid (TCA), to remove layers of skin, gradually diminishing the tattoo. TCA peels are applied to the skin to help dissolve the surface layers where the ink resides.


How Chemical Peel Tattoo Removal Works

The chemical peel method leverages the properties of TCA to lift and fade the tattoo:


  • Application of TCA: TCA is a medium-strength acid applied directly to the tattooed area. The acid penetrates the skin’s surface, helping to remove layers of skin where the tattoo pigment is embedded.


  • Skin Shedding and Ink Fading: As TCA induces peeling, layers containing the ink particles are removed. Over multiple sessions, the tattoo ink fades as the treated skin layers are shed and new skin layers form in their place.


  • Treatment Frequency: TCA peels typically require multiple treatments, with several weeks of healing time between each application. This spacing allows the skin to fully recover and minimize potential risks like irritation or infection.

  • Aftercare and Considerations: Since TCA peels result in open skin, aftercare is vital. Regular cleaning, application of antibiotic ointment, and bandaging protect the treated area from infection. While generally less painful than dermabrasion, TCA peels still carry risks, including scarring, and should be handled by professionals familiar with tattoo removal.


4. Surgical Excision Tattoo Removal

Surgical excision is the most invasive method, involving physically removing the tattooed skin. This technique is reserved for small tattoos and results in scarring, as it removes the ink by excising the skin itself.

How Surgical Excision Tattoo Removal Works

Surgical excision uses a straightforward yet invasive approach to eliminate the tattoo:

  • Cutting Out the Tattooed Skin: A surgeon carefully excises, or cuts out, the section of skin containing the tattoo. The surrounding skin is then stitched together, leaving a surgical scar.

  • Anesthesia and Suitability: Local or general anesthesia is required due to the procedure's invasiveness. This method is most practical for small tattoos that can be removed without too much tissue disruption.

  • Healing and Aftercare: The recovery process after excision involves daily cleaning, careful wound management, and sometimes stitches removal. Bandages stay in place for 48 hours post-procedure, after which the site must be kept clean and covered for a week or more to prevent infection.

  • Limitations and Risks: Surgical excision leaves a noticeable scar and is generally not suitable for large tattoos. It is a highly effective option for complete removal in a single session, but due to the scarring involved, it is best used for smaller tattoos.

Other Tattoo Removal Techniques


1. Tattoo Removal Creams and Ointments

Tattoo removal creams are marketed as easy, at-home solutions. They usually contain bleaching agents and exfoliants.

  • How They Work: These creams claim to fade tattoos by lightening the skin’s outer layers, but they cannot reach the dermis, where tattoo ink particles reside.

  • Effectiveness: The FDA has not approved any creams for tattoo removal, and studies have shown minimal results. These creams only affect the surface and cannot fully penetrate to break down the ink.

  • Risks: These products may cause skin irritation, rashes, burns, or scarring.

2. Saline Tattoo Removal

This technique is popular in the permanent makeup industry and works similarly to tattooing, but instead of ink, it uses a saline solution.

  • How It Works: A saline solution is tattooed over the unwanted tattoo. The saline solution lifts the ink particles to the surface through an osmotic reaction, causing them to scab over and peel away.

  • Effectiveness: Saline removal is generally more effective on newer, smaller, or lighter tattoos. It may take multiple sessions, and the results vary.

  • Risks: Saline removal can cause scarring and is often limited to certain colors, typically not as effective for black ink.

3. Cryosurgery (Cryotherapy) for Tattoo Removal

Cryotherapy is commonly used for skin lesions and involves freezing the tattooed area with liquid nitrogen.

  • How It Works: The skin is frozen, and the surface layers containing tattoo ink are “burned off” or peeled away. It can sometimes be combined with dermabrasion to physically remove the frozen layers.

  • Effectiveness: Cryosurgery is generally not widely recommended for tattoo removal due to high risks of scarring and uneven results. It’s more effective for small, shallow tattoos.

  • Risks: Cryotherapy carries risks like severe scarring, pigmentation changes, and tissue damage.

4. Non-Ablative Lasers (Fractional Lasers)

Unlike traditional Q-switched or picosecond lasers, fractional lasers are designed to penetrate the skin without fully ablating the surface.

  • How They Work: Fractional lasers create microscopic treatment zones that allow the body to break down the tattoo ink while minimizing skin damage. They are usually combined with traditional laser tattoo removal for better results.

  • Effectiveness: Fractional lasers can improve skin texture and may assist in breaking down stubborn ink. However, they are typically an adjunct rather than a primary removal method.

  • Risks: These lasers carry a lower risk of scarring, though side effects like redness, swelling, or blistering may occur.

5. Injection Tattoo Removal (Rejuvi Method)

The Rejuvi method involves injecting a special tattoo removal formula that binds with the ink particles, prompting them to form a scab that peels away with the ink.

  • How It Works: Similar to the tattooing process, a cream or liquid solution is injected into the tattooed skin, causing the ink to be expelled as the scab forms and falls off.

  • Effectiveness: This method may help with tattoo fading but isn’t widely accepted and can be inconsistent.

  • Risks: Potential risks include scarring, infection, and discoloration. It is typically not suitable for large or multicolored tattoos.

While these alternative methods exist, they have limitations and carry higher risks of scarring or inconsistent results. Laser tattoo removal remains the most widely recommended and effective technique due to its precision and ability to target ink particles deeply embedded in the skin. 

Always consult our trained professionals before choosing a tattoo removal method, as we help assess the most effective and safest method for your tattoo and skin type.

How Long Does Tattoo Removal Take?

1. Laser Tattoo Removal

  • Sessions: Requires 6 to 12 sessions, depending on tattoo size, color, and depth.

  • Spacing: Sessions are spaced 6–8 weeks apart to allow healing.

  • Total Time: The process can take 6 months to over a year.

2. Dermabrasion Tattoo Removal

  • Sessions: Often needs 1–4 sessions based on tattoo depth and size.

  • Healing Time: Each session requires 10–14 days of healing.

  • Total Time: Full removal may take several weeks to a few months.

3. Chemical Peel Tattoo Removal

  • Sessions: Typically requires 4–10 sessions, as the peel gradually removes layers of skin.

  • Spacing: Sessions are spaced 4–6 weeks apart to prevent skin damage.

  • Total Time: Complete removal can take 4 to 8 months.

4. Surgical Excision Tattoo Removal

  • Sessions: Generally completed in 1 session for small tattoos.

  • Healing Time: Initial healing takes 2–3 weeks, with follow-up appointments if needed.

  • Total Time: Removal and healing can be finished in a month for small tattoos. Larger tattoos may require staged excision, extending the process.


How Do I Know The Tattoo Removal Process Worked?

Successful tattoo removal is seen as the ink gradually fades over several sessions. After each session, the tattoo should appear lighter, and the ink will continue breaking down between treatments as the immune system clears out the particles. 


Complete fading may vary by ink color, depth, and skin type. A well-done tattoo removal process leaves the skin without noticeable pigmentation or scarring. During follow-up appointments, our professional can assess progress and adjust treatment if needed.


Can Any Person Get a Tattoo Removal? 

While tattoo removal is safe for most people, certain factors can impact eligibility. Those with fairer skin tend to have fewer side effects, as darker skin tones are more prone to pigmentation changes. 


People with specific medical conditions, such as skin disorders (e.g., eczema, psoriasis), or immune system issues, should consult with a healthcare provider before undergoing tattoo removal. 


Additionally, pregnant individuals or those with open wounds or recent sunburns in the treatment area are typically advised to wait until it’s safe.


Is Tattoo Removal Painful? 

Tattoo removal is often described as painful, with sensations similar to a rubber band snapping against the skin or mild burning. Pain levels vary depending on individual tolerance, tattoo location, and removal method. 


Laser tattoo removal, the most common method, is often managed with numbing creams or local anesthesia to reduce discomfort. Other methods, like dermabrasion and surgical excision, may require anesthetics due to their invasiveness. Though some discomfort is expected, most people find it manageable, and providers offer options to ease the pain.


Tattoo Removal Aftercare 

Immediately after each session, the treated area may be red, swollen, or blistered. Basic aftercare includes:


  • Cleaning the Area: Clean the area daily with mild soap and water.

  • Applying Antibiotic Ointment: An antibiotic ointment prevents infection and aids healing.

  • Covering the Treated Area: Cover the area with a clean dressing to protect it from bacteria.

  • Avoiding Sun Exposure: Protect the skin from the sun, as UV exposure can cause pigmentation changes.

  • Moisturizing: Use a fragrance-free moisturizer once healing is underway to keep skin hydrated.


Alternative Laser Health Offers Laser Tattoo Removal in Mississauga Ontario

Alternative Laser Health offers professional laser tattoo removal in Mississauga, Ontario. Our team uses advanced technology to remove tattoos of all sizes, shapes, and colors. With over 11 years of experience, our lead technician, Steven, is supported by a skilled team dedicated to your comfort and satisfaction. 


We customize each removal session to ensure the best results. Visit us at 37 Dundas Street West, and book a free consultation today to start your journey to clear, ink-free skin. Call (905) 451-4545 to schedule your laser tattoo removal at our Mississauga clinic.


FAQs


Can a tattoo be completely removed?

Most tattoos can be nearly completely removed, but factors like color, age, and skin type affect the outcome. Black and dark colors generally respond best to laser treatment, while colors like green and yellow can be more challenging. Advanced lasers can significantly reduce visibility, but complete removal without any trace can’t be guaranteed for every tattoo.


Are tattoo removals painful?

Tattoo removal can be painful, often described as a sensation similar to snapping rubber bands on the skin. Pain levels vary based on individual tolerance, tattoo location, and removal method. Many clinics offer numbing creams or local anesthesia to reduce discomfort during laser sessions.


Where does the ink go after tattoo removal?

During laser tattoo removal, the ink particles are broken down into tiny fragments that the body’s immune system absorbs and transports to the liver, where they’re processed and eventually eliminated through the body’s natural waste systems.


Do you pee out ink after tattoo removal?

The ink particles broken down during laser removal are processed through the body’s waste system. After the liver processes these fragments, they are excreted through urine and other natural waste removal processes.


Is tattoo removal hard on your liver?

Tattoo removal doesn’t burden the liver for healthy individuals. The body processes the ink particles in small amounts, allowing the liver to filter them out without significant strain. However, those with existing liver conditions should consult a healthcare provider before undergoing tattoo removal.


Where does tattoo ink go when it fades?

When tattoos fade naturally over time, the body’s immune system breaks down and absorbs some ink particles, gradually clearing them. Sun exposure also contributes to fading by breaking down ink particles that the body absorbs and eliminates.


How were tattoos removed 40 years ago?

Forty years ago, tattoo removal options were limited and included methods like dermabrasion (sanding the skin), salabrasion (using a salt solution to abrade the tattooed area), and surgical excision (cutting out the tattoo). These methods often left scarring and were less effective than modern laser removal.


Does tattoo removal release toxins?

Some ink particles contain heavy metals and other substances that could be potentially toxic if present in large amounts. However, these particles are broken down gradually during tattoo removal and eliminated in small quantities, posing a minimal risk. 


Does tattoo removal damage lymph nodes?

Tattoo removal, especially with lasers, does not damage lymph nodes. The lymphatic system helps process and transport ink particles, and as long as the procedure is performed correctly, it should not adversely affect lymph nodes or lymphatic health.


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